Validation of Evidence-Based Fall Prevention Programs for Adults with Intellectual and/or Developmental Disorders: A...

Area of Science:

• Gerontology and Rehabilitation Science
• Public Health and Preventative Medicine

Background:

• Evidence-based fall prevention (EBFP) programs are effective for community-dwelling older adults with normal cognition.
• Adults with intellectual and/or developmental disorders (IDD) face higher fall rates and chronic disease burdens, with limited access to health promotion.
• Increasing lifespans in the IDD population necessitate effective fall prevention strategies.

Observation:

• A modified group-based Otago Exercise Program (OEP) was implemented over 7 weeks at a worksite for adults with IDD.
• Participants underwent pre- and post-intervention assessments using the CDC's STEADI toolkit.
• The program included weekly group exercise classes and home-based exercise components.

Findings:

• Despite a small sample size (n=15) and short duration, participants showed improvements in balance (4-Stage Balance Test) and lower body strength (30-s Chair Stand Test).
• Functional mobility improved, as evidenced by the 2-Minute Walk Test, with three individuals gaining ambulation independence.
• No falls were reported by participants during the study period.

Implications:

• This preliminary study suggests a modified OEP is a viable approach for fall risk reduction in adults with IDD.
• The findings highlight the need for larger, multicenter trials with diverse populations and longer follow-up periods.
• Adapting established EBFP programs can address the unique needs of aging adults with IDD, improving their quality of life and safety.