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Peptaibol profiles of Iranian Trichoderma isolates
Parisa Rahimi Tamandegani1, Doustmorad Zafari1, Tamás Marik2
1Department of Plant Protection, Bu Ali Sina University , Hamedan , Iran.
Acta Biologica Hungarica
|December 22, 2016
Summary
Five Iranian Trichoderma fungal isolates exhibit potent antibacterial activity. They produce novel peptaibols, including trichobrachins and trichotoxins, with potential for new drug development.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Biochemistry
- Natural Products Chemistry
Background:
- Trichoderma species are known for producing bioactive secondary metabolites.
- Peptaibols are a class of amphipathic peptides with diverse biological activities, including antimicrobial properties.
- Investigating fungal secondary metabolites is crucial for discovering new therapeutic agents.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the peptaibol production of five Iranian Trichoderma isolates.
- To characterize the antibacterial activity of these isolates against Micrococcus luteus.
- To identify and elucidate the amino acid sequences of produced peptaibols.
Main Methods:
- Isolation and cultivation of five Iranian Trichoderma species (T. viride, T. viridescens, T. asperellum, T. longibrachiatum, T. citrinoviride).
- Screening of fungal extracts for antibacterial activity using Micrococcus luteus as a test culture.
- High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-IT MS) for peptaibol identification and sequence elucidation.
Main Results:
- All five Trichoderma isolates demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against Micrococcus luteus.
- Peptaibols belonging to the trichobrachin and trichotoxin groups were identified.
- T. longibrachiatum and T. citrinoviride produced trichobrachins, while T. viride, T. viridescens, and T. asperellum produced trichotoxins.
- Out of 37 determined peptaibol sequences, 26 were novel compounds, and 11 were previously reported variants.
- Structural analysis revealed minor amino acid variations between compounds within the trichobrachin and trichotoxin groups.
Conclusions:
- Iranian Trichoderma isolates are a rich source of diverse peptaibols with notable antibacterial properties.
- The discovery of novel peptaibols highlights the potential of these fungi for antimicrobial drug discovery.
- Further research into the structure-activity relationships of these peptaibols could lead to the development of new therapeutic agents.
