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Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems01:21

Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems

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Controlled-release systems for intravaginal and intrauterine drug delivery have been developed primarily for the administration of contraceptive steroid hormones. These delivery routes circumvent first-pass hepatic metabolism, thereby enhancing bioavailability and allowing for reduced systemic dosages compared to oral administration. Such approaches contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance, particularly in long-term contraceptive regimens.Intravaginal Drug Delivery...
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Drug release from modified-release dosage forms is designed to achieve specific therapeutic effects by controlling the rate and extent of drug release. The classification of these drug release systems is based on key pharmacokinetic assumptions: drug disposition follows first-order kinetics, drug release is the rate-limiting step in absorption, and the released drug is rapidly and completely absorbed.There are four major models of drug release patterns. The first model is the slow zero-order...
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Intermittent intravenous (IV) infusion is a method of drug administration where medications are delivered over short infusion periods followed by intervals of no drug delivery. This approach helps to prevent sustained high drug concentrations in the bloodstream, reducing the risk of adverse effects associated with prolonged exposure. Unlike continuous infusion, steady-state concentrations may not be achieved during a single dosing cycle but can be reached through repeated...
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Updated: Mar 9, 2026

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Delayed interval delivery in twin pregnancy - case reports.

Constantin Cristian Văduva1, Carmen Constantinescu, Mihaela Ţenovici

  • 1Department of Anatomy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania; ela07071@yahoo.com.

Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology = Revue Roumaine De Morphologie Et Embryologie
|December 22, 2016
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Delayed interval delivery after fetal demise in twin pregnancies, often resulting from in vitro fertilization (IVF), can lead to favorable outcomes for the surviving twin. This approach offers a viable management strategy in complex multiple gestations.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Assisted reproductive technologies have increased twin pregnancies, posing management challenges when one fetus is lost.
  • Second-trimester fetal demise in twin gestations presents complex ethical and clinical dilemmas for obstetricians.
  • Limited large-scale studies complicate prognosis and optimal management advice for parents facing this scenario.

Observation:

  • Two cases of twin pregnancies conceived via in vitro fertilization (IVF) are presented.
  • Case 1: Fetal demise at 20 weeks, with the surviving twin delivered at 36 weeks.
  • Case 2: Initial delivery at 22 weeks, umbilical cord ligation, and subsequent delivery of the second twin at 31 weeks.

Findings:

  • Delayed interval delivery was successfully implemented in both cases.
  • Favorable neonatal outcomes were achieved for the surviving twins in both instances.
  • Management involved close monitoring and specialized interventions, including umbilical cord ligation.

Implications:

  • Prolonging pregnancy after preterm fetal demise or delivery in multiple gestations is feasible.
  • This strategy requires a highly monitored environment for optimal results.
  • Offers a potential management pathway for challenging twin pregnancy complications.