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Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Author Spotlight: Ex Vivo OCT-Based Multimodal Imaging of Human Donor Eyes for Research into Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Author Spotlight: Ex Vivo OCT-Based Multimodal Imaging of Human Donor Eyes for Research into Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Published on: May 26, 2023

Hot Topics in Dry AMD.

Raja Narayanan¹, Baruch D Kuppermann²

¹Smt Kanuri Santhamma Vitreoretina Center, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad. India.

Current Pharmaceutical Design

|December 23, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

New treatments for dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are in development. Anti-complement therapy shows promise for preserving vision in dry AMD patients.

Keywords:

Age-related macular degeneration choroidal blood flow complement drusen geogrpahic atrophy neuroprotectant visual cycle

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Author Spotlight: Understanding Age-Related Macular Degeneration Pathophysiology with QAF Workflow

Author Spotlight: Understanding Age-Related Macular Degeneration Pathophysiology with QAF Workflow

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A Protocol to Evaluate and Quantify Retinal Pigmented Epithelium Pathologies in Mouse Models of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

A Protocol to Evaluate and Quantify Retinal Pigmented Epithelium Pathologies in Mouse Models of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Published on: March 10, 2023

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Last Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Author Spotlight: Ex Vivo OCT-Based Multimodal Imaging of Human Donor Eyes for Research into Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Author Spotlight: Ex Vivo OCT-Based Multimodal Imaging of Human Donor Eyes for Research into Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Published on: May 26, 2023

Author Spotlight: Understanding Age-Related Macular Degeneration Pathophysiology with QAF Workflow

Author Spotlight: Understanding Age-Related Macular Degeneration Pathophysiology with QAF Workflow

Published on: May 26, 2023

A Protocol to Evaluate and Quantify Retinal Pigmented Epithelium Pathologies in Mouse Models of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

A Protocol to Evaluate and Quantify Retinal Pigmented Epithelium Pathologies in Mouse Models of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Published on: March 10, 2023

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Retinal Diseases
Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Background:

The global prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is significant, with projections indicating 196 million cases by 2020.
While therapies for wet AMD targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) exist, dry AMD with geographic atrophy remains untreatable, causing severe visual impairment.
Numerous therapeutic options for dry AMD are currently under investigation and in clinical trials.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current research and identify promising therapeutic targets for dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
To highlight novel molecules and strategies being developed to address the visual impairment caused by dry AMD.

Main Methods:

A comprehensive review of existing literature on dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) treatments.
Analysis of ongoing research and clinical trials for novel therapeutic agents.

Main Results:

Key research targets for dry AMD treatment include enhancers of choroidal blood flow, neuroprotectants, and anti-complement factors.
These therapeutic molecules aim to improve retinal pigment epithelium function and preserve photoreceptor cells.
New molecules are actively being developed for dry AMD treatment.

Conclusions:

Anti-complement therapy is emerging as a highly promising strategy for the treatment of dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
Continued research into novel molecules offers hope for addressing the unmet medical need in dry AMD.