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Fluid intake behavior in athletes during typical training bouts.

Alex Buoite Stella1, Maria P Francescato2, Stacy T Sims3

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Italian athletes consume less fluid during training than recommended guidelines. Factors like coach encouragement and training duration significantly impact hydration levels, regardless of athlete level or age.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Nutrition

Background:

  • Athletes' hydration habits vary by sport and individual factors.
  • Assessing fluid intake during training is crucial for performance and health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the fluid intake behavior of a diverse group of Italian athletes during regular training sessions.
  • To identify factors influencing hydration strategies among competitive athletes.

Main Methods:

  • A questionnaire-based survey was administered to a random sample of competitive Italian athletes.
  • Data collected included fluid quantity and type, sport characteristics, training duration, and coach's encouragement to drink.

Main Results:

  • 352 athletes participated, with 289 completing the survey (age range: 8-63 years).
  • Median fluid intake was 0.25 L/h, with only 6.5% meeting established hydration guidelines (NATA, ACSM).
  • Training duration, drinking pauses, and coach encouragement were significantly associated with fluid consumption levels.

Conclusions:

  • Italian athletes generally under-consume fluids during training compared to current guidelines.
  • Coach encouragement, training bout duration, and frequency of drinking pauses are key determinants of fluid intake.
  • These factors influence hydration regardless of an athlete's competition level, age, or sex.