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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Controlled Cortical Impact Model for Traumatic Brain Injury

Controlled Cortical Impact Model for Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: August 5, 2014

Progesterone for acute traumatic brain injury.

Junpeng Ma¹, Siqing Huang¹, Shu Qin¹

¹Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

|December 23, 2016

Summary

Progesterone does not appear to improve outcomes for traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. This updated review found no evidence of reduced mortality or disability, though study inconsistencies limit confidence.

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Last Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Controlled Cortical Impact Model for Traumatic Brain Injury

Controlled Cortical Impact Model for Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: August 5, 2014

A Preclinical Controlled Cortical Impact Model for Traumatic Hemorrhage Contusion and Neuroinflammation

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Murine Model of Controlled Cortical Impact for the Induction of Traumatic Brain Injury

Murine Model of Controlled Cortical Impact for the Induction of Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: August 16, 2019

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Clinical Medicine
Pharmacology

Background:

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant cause of death and disability globally.
Progesterone, a neurosteroid, has potential therapeutic properties for TBI due to its central nervous system actions.
Existing evidence on progesterone's efficacy for TBI requires updated evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the impact of progesterone on neurological outcomes, mortality, and disability in acute TBI patients.
To assess the safety profile of progesterone treatment in individuals with acute TBI.

Main Methods:

An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing progesterone to placebo in acute TBI.
Searches conducted across major databases including Cochrane, MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science up to September 2016.
Five RCTs involving 2392 participants were included, with risk of bias assessed for each study.

Main Results:

Low-quality evidence indicates no significant difference in overall mortality (RR 0.91) or disability (RR 0.98) between progesterone and placebo groups.
Moderate-quality evidence for disability outcomes was limited by inconsistency across studies.
No significant differences were observed in intracranial pressure, blood pressure, or body temperature; however, intravenous progesterone was associated with increased phlebitis risk in one study.

Conclusions:

This updated review found no evidence that progesterone reduces mortality or disability in TBI patients.
Inconsistencies across studies limit the confidence in these findings.
Progesterone therapy did not show increased adverse events compared to placebo, except for phlebitis in one study; further research with refined TBI classification and optimized dosing is recommended.