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Mental Foramen Relation to Mandibular Fracture.

Mohammad Waheed El-Anwar1, Ahmed Hassan Sweed, Ghada Abdulmonaem

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Summary

This study mapped the mental foramen in Arab patients with mandibular fractures, finding it most commonly between the first and second premolars. This anatomical data aids surgeons in preventing complications during fracture repair.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Anatomy
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Mandibular fractures are common traumatic injuries.
  • The mental foramen's precise location is crucial for surgical procedures involving the mandible, particularly during open reduction and internal fixation.
  • Understanding the mental foramen's relationship to fracture sites can prevent neurovascular bundle injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the anatomical site of the mental nerve foramen in patients with mandibular fractures.
  • To analyze the relationship between the mental foramen and the mandibular fracture site.
  • To correlate radiological findings with operative observations.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 46 patients with traumatic mandibular fractures.
  • Management included open reduction and internal fixation.
  • Preoperative radiography was compared with operative findings regarding the mental foramen and fracture sites.

Main Results:

  • Radiological and operative findings indicated the mental foramen was located between the first and second premolars in 78.3% of cases and below the first premolar in 21.7%.
  • No statistically significant differences were observed based on age or sex.
  • The mental foramen and associated neurovascular bundle were successfully identified, dissected, and preserved in all patients during surgery.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first operative and radiological data on mental foramen site and its relation to mandibular fractures specifically in an Arab population.
  • The findings offer valuable anatomical data for surgeons, anesthetists, and dentists to perform procedures on the mandible with reduced risk of complications.