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Expectations and visual aftereffects.

Noga Pinchuk-Yacobi1, Ron Dekel2, Dov Sagi3

  • 1Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israelnogap123@gmail.com.

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|December 23, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The tilt aftereffect (TAE) is influenced by expectations. When an orientation is expected, the tilt aftereffect (TAE) is stronger if the expected orientation matches the adapted one, and weaker if it mirrors it.

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Area of Science:

  • Visual perception
  • Cognitive neuroscience

Background:

  • The tilt aftereffect (TAE) is traditionally explained by low-level sensory adaptation.
  • Recent theories propose adaptation arises from predictive coding mechanisms.
  • The role of expectation in modulating TAE remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if predictability influences the tilt aftereffect (TAE).
  • To determine if TAE depends on the congruence between adapted and expected orientations.

Main Methods:

  • Observers viewed pairs of Gabor patches with predictable or unpredictable orientations.
  • Two conditions tested expected congruent or mirror orientations versus random orientations.
  • The magnitude of TAE was measured by assessing perceived verticality.

Main Results:

  • TAE magnitude increased when the expected orientation matched the inducing orientation.
  • TAE magnitude decreased when the expected orientation was the mirror of the inducing orientation.
  • A control experiment showed expectation alone did not affect perceived orientation.

Conclusions:

  • Expectation plays a significant role in generating the perceptual tilt aftereffect (TAE).
  • Findings support predictive coding models of perception.
  • Orientation-dependent adaptation is influenced by both mean orientation and temporal contingencies.