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Exercise Decreases and Smoking Increases Bladder Cancer Mortality.

Michael A Liss1, Martha White2, Loki Natarajan3

  • 1Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX.

Clinical Genitourinary Cancer
|December 24, 2016
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Summary

Regular exercise is linked to a 47% lower risk of bladder cancer death, while current smoking increases this risk significantly. These findings highlight the importance of exercise and smoking cessation for reducing bladder cancer mortality.

Keywords:
Bladder cancerExerciseModifiable risk factorMortalitySmoking

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Bladder cancer mortality is a significant public health concern.
  • Modifiable lifestyle factors, including smoking, exercise, and obesity, are potential targets for intervention.
  • Understanding the specific impact of these factors on bladder cancer mortality is crucial for prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between modifiable lifestyle factors (smoking, exercise, obesity) and bladder cancer mortality.
  • To quantify the risk of bladder cancer death associated with different smoking statuses and exercise levels.
  • To determine if body mass index is associated with bladder cancer mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized mortality-linked data from the National Health Information Survey (1998-2006).
  • Employed multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models with delayed entry.
  • Analyzed self-reported smoking status, exercise habits, and body mass index as primary exposures.

Main Results:

  • Individuals reporting any exercise had a 47% lower likelihood of bladder cancer death compared to those reporting no exercise (aHR, 0.53; P = .038).
  • Current smokers (aHR, 4.24; P = .001) and former smokers (aHR, 2.95; P = .002) faced significantly increased risks of bladder cancer mortality compared to never-smokers.
  • No significant association was found between body mass index and bladder cancer mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Regular physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of bladder cancer-specific mortality.
  • Current and former smoking are significantly associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer death.
  • Exercise and smoking cessation interventions may be effective in reducing bladder cancer mortality.