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Updated: Mar 9, 2026

3D Cine Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Respiratory Motion in Mechanically Ventilated Mice and Rats
Published on: September 19, 2025
Control of Ventilation in Health and Disease
Susmita Chowdhuri1, M Safwan Badr1
1John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit MI; Department of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit MI.
Abstract:
Control of ventilation occurs at different levels of the respiratory system through a negative feedback system that allows precise regulation of levels of arterial carbon dioxide and oxygen. Mechanisms for ventilatory instability leading to sleep-disordered breathing include changes in the genesis of respiratory rhythm and chemoresponsiveness to hypoxia and hypercapnia, cerebrovascular reactivity, abnormal chest wall and airway reflexes, and sleep state oscillations. One can potentially stabilize breathing during sleep and treat sleep-disordered breathing by identifying one or more of these pathophysiological mechanisms. This review describes the current concepts in ventilatory control that pertain to breathing instability during wakefulness and sleep, delineates potential avenues for alternative therapies to stabilize breathing during sleep, and proposes recommendations for future research.
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