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Nitrite Protects Mitochondrial Structure and Function under Hypoxia.

Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta1,2, Chun Pong Lee1,3, R George Ratcliffe1

  • 1Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Plant & Cell Physiology
|December 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nitrite protects plant mitochondria from oxygen deprivation by producing nitric oxide. This improves mitochondrial function, ATP synthesis, and reduces oxidative damage during hypoxia.

Keywords:
HypoxiaMitochondriaNitric oxideNitritePisum sativumRespiration

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Mitochondrial Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Oxygen deprivation (hypoxia) alters mitochondrial structure and function.
  • Nitrate is suggested to mitigate these effects, but nitrite's role is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the protective role of nitrite in maintaining mitochondrial function under hypoxia in pea roots.

Main Methods:

  • Mitochondria were isolated from pea (Pisum sativum) roots.
  • Incubation under normoxia or hypoxia with or without 0.5 mM nitrite for 90 min.

Main Results:

  • Nitrite supply under hypoxia increased nitric oxide production.
  • Improved mitochondrial integrity, inner membrane energization, and ATP synthesis were observed.
  • Reduced reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation occurred.
  • Increased levels and activity of mitochondrial Complex I and Supercomplex I+III2 were noted.

Conclusions:

  • Nitrite plays a crucial role in preserving mitochondrial function during hypoxia.
  • This protection is mediated by the reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide within the mitochondrial electron transport chain.