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Changes in Th1/Th2 cytokine balance in Graves' desease
Tomaž Kocjan1, Branka Wraber2, Urška Repnik2
1Dept. of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška 7, 1525 Ljubljana, Slovenia, Slovenia.
Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology
|December 24, 2016
Summary
Graves' disease patients show a shift towards Th2 cytokine response, with lower IL-12 and higher IL-4 and IL-10. This confirms the role of TSHR antibodies and humoral immunity in disease pathogenesis.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Endocrinology
- Autoimmune Diseases
Background:
- Graves' disease (GD) involves hyperthyroidism due to thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) antibodies.
- The balance of Th1 and Th2 cytokines is crucial in autoimmune disease pathogenesis.
- Existing data on the Th1/Th2 balance in GD are contradictory.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the Th1/Th2 cytokine balance in newly diagnosed Graves' disease patients.
- To compare cytokine profiles in GD patients with healthy controls.
Main Methods:
- Mononuclear cells (MNC) were isolated from GD patients and healthy controls.
- MNCs were stimulated with ionomycin and PMA.
- Cytokine concentrations (IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12) in supernatants were measured using ELISA.
Main Results:
- GD patients' MNCs produced significantly less IL-12 compared to controls.
- GD patients' MNCs produced significantly more IL-4 and IL-10 than controls.
- Th1/Th2 cytokine ratios were significantly lower in GD patients, indicating a Th2 shift.
Conclusions:
- Graves' disease is associated with a systemic shift towards a Th2 cytokine response.
- This Th2 shift highlights the critical role of TSHR antibodies and humoral immunity in GD pathogenesis.
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