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Acute pancreatitis after snake bite. Case report.

B T Kjellström1

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Gothenburg, Ostra Hospital, Sweden.

Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica
|April 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Adder bites can cause severe gastrointestinal issues. This case highlights acute pancreatitis as a rare but serious complication of adder envenomation due to venom enzymes.

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Systemic manifestations of adder envenomation commonly include gastrointestinal symptoms.
  • Acute pancreatitis is a recognized, albeit uncommon, complication of certain venomous snakebites.

Observation:

  • A previously healthy young male presented with severe abdominal symptoms following an adder bite.
  • Clinical examination and subsequent exploratory laparotomy revealed acute pancreatitis.

Findings:

  • The patient's acute pancreatitis was directly linked to the adder envenomation.
  • Adder venom possesses enzymatic components theorized to induce pancreatic acinar cell damage, potentially triggering pancreatitis.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the potential for severe gastrointestinal complications, including acute pancreatitis, following adder bites.
  • Clinicians should consider adder envenomation in the differential diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, especially in endemic areas.
  • Further research into the specific enzymes in adder venom and their direct role in inducing pancreatitis is warranted.

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