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Can a Pressure Standard be Based on Capacitance Measurements?

Michael R Moldover1

  • 1National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-0001.

Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
|December 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores a new pressure standard using helium

Keywords:
ab initio calculationscross capacitordielectric constantheliummolar polarizabilitypolarizabilitypressure standardtoroidal cross capacitor

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Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics
  • Quantum Mechanics
  • Metrology

Background:

  • Current pressure standards have limitations.
  • Dielectric constant and thermodynamic temperature measurements offer a potential alternative.
  • Helium is a suitable gas for this application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility of a pressure standard based on dielectric constant and thermodynamic temperature of helium.
  • To determine the potential uncertainty of such a standard.
  • To identify areas for improvement in theoretical calculations and experimental measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Calculating pressure from fundamental constants, quantum mechanics, and statistical mechanics.
  • Utilizing virial expansions for pressure and dielectric constant.
  • Eliminating gas density to derive pressure.
  • Proposing the use of a toroidal cross capacitor for dielectric measurements.

Main Results:

  • Current relative standard uncertainty exceeds 20 × 10-6.
  • Potential for achieving < 6 × 10-6 uncertainty with improved relativistic corrections.
  • The method relies on precise measurements of dielectric constant and temperature.

Conclusions:

  • A capacitance-based pressure standard using helium is feasible.
  • Improvements in calculating relativistic corrections for molar polarizability are crucial.
  • State-of-the-art capacitance measurements are required for a useful pressure standard.