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Summary

Carrying heavy backpacks impairs fine motor skills and light touch sensitivity due to reduced finger blood flow. These effects are linked to brachial plexus deformation from shoulder straps.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Heavy backpacks can cause shoulder pain, sensorimotor deficits, and brachial plexus injuries.
  • Tissue deformation of the brachial plexus and subclavian artery due to shoulder straps is a potential cause.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Evaluate changes in upper extremity hemodynamic and neural function during heavy load carriage.
  • Assess the association between brachial plexus tissue deformation and functional deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Ten healthy adults carried a 40% body weight backpack for 45 minutes.
  • Measured index-finger microvascular flow, sensorimotor functions (light touch, thermal sensation, gross motor), and marksmanship accuracy before and after load carriage.

Main Results:

  • Load carriage decreased microvascular flow by ~40% and light touch sensation significantly (P < 0.05).
  • Reduced blood flow correlated with increased light touch threshold (r = 0.79, P = 0.007).
  • Marksmanship accuracy decreased by 34%.

Conclusions:

  • Heavy load carriage impairs light touch sensitivity and fine motor function.
  • These impairments are associated with reduced finger microvascular blood flow.
  • Brachial plexus deformation may underlie these functional deficits.