Cell-matrix mechanical interaction in electrospun polymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering: Implications for...

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Tissue Engineering
• Cell Mechanics

Background:

• Electrospun scaffolds offer a 3D nanofibrous environment mimicking native tissue extracellular matrix.
• Cell-matrix mechanical interactions are critical for cell behaviors like migration and differentiation, essential for tissue regeneration.
• While biochemical and microstructural effects are known, this review focuses on the mechanical perspective of cell-matrix interactions in electrospun environments.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent developments in understanding mechanical interactions between cells and electrospun scaffolds.
• To emphasize how fiber geometry and polymer structure influence scaffold micromechanics and cell behavior.
• To discuss the dynamic feedback loop between scaffold mechanics and cell behavior in tissue development.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on mechanical interactions in electrospun scaffolds.
• Description of techniques used to measure and visualize cell-matrix mechanical interactions.
• Analysis of how micromechanics cues cell behaviors and how cellular forces remodel scaffolds.

Main Results:

• Fiber geometry and polymer structure significantly impact local mechanical properties of electrospun scaffolds.
• Altering micromechanics effectively cues specific cell behaviors crucial for tissue development.
• Cellular and external forces dynamically remodel the scaffold matrix throughout tissue development.

Conclusions:

• A deeper understanding of mechanical interactions is vital for designing effective electrospun scaffolds.
• Manipulating the mechanical environment of scaffolds can enhance tissue engineering and regenerative medicine outcomes.
• Addressing technological gaps in assessing and controlling scaffold micromechanics is necessary for clinical translation.