Predicting readmission risk following percutaneous coronary intervention at the time of admission

To investigate whether a prediction model based on data available early in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) admission can predict the risk of readmission.

Reducing readmissions following hospitalization is a national priority. Identifying patients at high risk for readmission after PCI early in a hospitalization would enable hospitals to enhance discharge planning.

We developed 3 different models to predict 30-day inpatient readmission to our institution for patients who underwent PCI between January 2010 and April 2013. These models used data available: 1) at admission, 2) at discharge 3) from CathPCI Registry data. We used logistic regression and assessed the discrimination of each model using the c-index. The models were validated with testing on a different patient cohort who underwent PCI between May 2013 and September 2015.

Our cohort included 6717 PCI patients; 3739 in the derivation cohort and 2978 in the validation cohort. The discriminative ability of the admission model was good (C-index of 0.727). The c-indices for the discharge and cath PCI models were slightly better. (C-index of 0.751 and 0.752 respectively). Internal validation of the models showed a reasonable discriminative admission model with slight improvement with adding discharge and registry data (C-index of 0.720, 0.739 and 0.741 respectively). Similarly validation of the models on the validation cohort showed similar results (C-index of 0.703, 0.725 and 0.719 respectively).

Simple models based on available demographic and clinical data may be sufficient to identify patients at highest risk of readmission following PCI early in their hospitalization.