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Tuberculous pericarditis: a case report.

Affan Denk1, Mehmet Ali Kobat2, Safak Ozer Balin3

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Elazig Training and Research Hospital, Elazig, Turkey.

Le Infezioni in Medicina
|December 25, 2016
PubMed
Summary

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Tuberculosis pericardial effusion is challenging to diagnose but crucial for prompt, lifesaving treatment. This case highlights successful diagnosis and recovery using pericardial fluid analysis and antituberculosis drugs.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Pericardial effusion is a common condition often difficult to diagnose accurately.
  • Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant cause of acute pericarditis and cardiac tamponade.
  • Timely diagnosis and treatment of TB pericardial effusion are critical for patient survival.

Observation:

  • A 65-year-old male presented with a 3-week history of fever, chills, non-productive cough, and dyspnea.
  • Symptoms suggested pericardial effusion requiring etiological diagnosis.
  • Diagnostic workup focused on identifying the cause of the effusion.

Findings:

  • Aspiration of pericardial fluid was performed for analysis.
  • Acid-fast staining, culture, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of pericardial fluid were positive for tuberculosis.

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  • These microbiological tests confirmed tuberculous etiology of the pericardial effusion.

    • Implications:

    • Rapid and accurate diagnosis of tuberculous pericardial effusion is achievable through pericardial fluid analysis.
    • Prompt initiation of antituberculosis therapy led to complete recovery in this patient.
    • This case underscores the importance of considering TB in the differential diagnosis of pericardial effusion, especially in endemic areas.