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Related Concept Videos

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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
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A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
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Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
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In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
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Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
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Neonatal Pneumothorax: A Descriptive Regional Danish Study.

Louise Vibede1, Emil Vibede, Mette Bendtsen

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.

Neonatology
|December 26, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Neonatal pneumothorax (PTX) is often linked to lung conditions like respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) or transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN). Early diagnosis is crucial, with RDS cases more frequently requiring drainage.

Keywords:
Chest drain, needle aspirationNeonatal pneumothoraxRespiratory distress syndromeTransient tachypnea of the newborn

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Medical Research

Background:

  • Neonatal pneumothorax (PTX) is a serious condition in newborns, potentially caused by lung disease or mechanical ventilation.
  • Prompt diagnosis of PTX is critical for reducing mortality in neonates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causes, demographics, diagnosis timing, treatment, and outcomes of neonatal pneumothorax.
  • To analyze a decade of PTX cases in Denmark's North Jutland Region.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, population-based cohort study.
  • Analysis of 71 neonatal pneumothorax cases from 2006-2014.
  • Examination of aetiology, demographics, treatment, and prognosis.

Main Results:

  • PTX incidence was 0.14%, with 52% of affected infants born at term.
  • Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) were the most common underlying lung diseases.
  • Diagnosis occurred earlier in term infants; 59% required drainage, more often for RDS than TTN.

Conclusions:

  • Underlying lung disease, primarily RDS and TTN, is prevalent in neonatal PTX.
  • PTX diagnosis timing differs between TTN and RDS infants.
  • Neonates with RDS had a higher likelihood of requiring pneumothorax drainage.