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When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
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Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
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Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)01:15

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Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT) is an advanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique specifically designed to detect and enhance the signals of low-abundance nuclei, such as carbon-13 and nitrogen-15, in small molecules. The fundamental principle behind INEPT is the transfer of polarization from a more abundant and highly polarizable nucleus, typically hydrogen-1, to the low-abundance nucleus of interest. This process effectively boosts the NMR signal of the...
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A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
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When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
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Heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that reveals one-bond correlations between hydrogen and a heteronucleus. The HSQC experiment is similar to the heteronuclear correlation experiment (HETCOR) but is more sensitive. In the HSQC spectrum, the proton chemical shift is plotted on the horizontal F2 axis, while the 13C chemical shift is plotted on the vertical F1 axis. The corresponding proton and 13C spectra are also shown. The HSQC contour plot does...
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Hyperpolarized 13C Metabolic Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging
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Fast Padé Transform Accelerated CSI for Hyperpolarized MRS.

Esben Szocska Søvsø Hansen1, Sun Kim2, Jack J Miller3

  • 1MR Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford; Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark.

Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.)
|December 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary

The fast Padé transform (FPT) accelerates hyperpolarized 13C chemical shift imaging (CSI) by enabling faster data acquisition. This method reconstructs spectra from truncated signals, improving spectral resolution and allowing direct metabolite quantification.

Keywords:
MRIPadé approximanthyperpolarizationspectral reconstruction

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Spectroscopy
  • Computational Methods

Background:

  • Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectral analysis traditionally uses Fourier analysis.
  • Truncated free induction decay (FID) signals limit spectral resolution and robustness.
  • Hyperpolarized 13C chemical shift imaging (CSI) is vital for metabolic studies but limited by scan time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the utility of the fast Padé transform (FPT) for hyperpolarized 13C CSI.
  • To show FPT's ability to reduce scan time without compromising spectral resolution.
  • To evaluate FPT's performance against conventional and model-based methods.

Main Methods:

  • Simulations, phantom, and in vivo hyperpolarized [1-13C] pyruvate CSI data were utilized.
  • Data were processed using the fast Padé transform (FPT).
  • FPT results were compared with fast Fourier transform (FFT) and model-based fitting methods.

Main Results:

  • FPT demonstrated superior stability and spectral resolution on truncated data compared to FFT.
  • FPT performance was comparable to model-based fitting methods.
  • FPT enabled a 2-6 fold reduction in spectral dimension readout length for 13C CSI.

Conclusions:

  • FPT significantly reduces acquisition time in hyperpolarized 13C CSI, crucial due to T1 relaxation limitations.
  • FPT offers direct quantification of metabolite concentrations, simplifying analysis.
  • FPT provides a robust and efficient alternative for spectral analysis in hyperpolarized CSI.