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Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
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The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans
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The Mini Alcohol Craving Experience Questionnaire: Development and Clinical Application.

Jason M Coates1,2, Matthew J Gullo1,3, Gerald F X Feeney1,3

  • 1Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research
|December 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary

A new brief measure, the Mini Alcohol Craving Experience (MACE) Questionnaire, effectively assesses alcohol craving in individuals with alcohol use disorders (AUDs). This short scale maintains reliability and validity for clinical and research use.

Keywords:
Alcohol Use DisorderCravingMeasurementScale DevelopmentUrge

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Standardized alcohol craving scales are underutilized in clinical settings due to their length.
  • A brief, reliable measure is needed for alcohol use disorder (AUD) research and treatment.
  • The Alcohol Craving Experience (ACE) Questionnaire assesses craving frequency and strength.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a brief version of the ACE Questionnaire.
  • To maintain psychometric integrity and clinical utility in a shorter scale.
  • To facilitate wider application of alcohol craving assessment in AUDs.

Main Methods:

  • The study utilized data from three patient samples at a university hospital alcohol and drug outpatient service.
  • Patients with AUDs completed the ACE as part of a larger questionnaire battery.
  • The Frequency scale of the ACE was revised to create a brief measure.

Main Results:

  • A 5-item "Mini Alcohol Craving Experience" (MACE) Questionnaire was developed from the ACE Frequency scale.
  • The MACE demonstrated satisfactory validity and reliability.
  • Higher MACE scores predicted increased odds of patient lapse or dropout.

Conclusions:

  • The MACE is a brief, theoretically grounded, and psychometrically sound measure of alcohol craving.
  • It is suitable for AUD populations in time-limited clinical and research settings.
  • The MACE enhances the assessment of alcohol craving for improved AUD management.