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An optical hemoglobinometer for whole blood.

J L Schmalzel1, J M Steinke, V T Randal

  • 1Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284.

The American Journal of Physiology
|October 1, 1989
PubMed
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A new optical instrument accurately measures total hemoglobin (Hb) in undiluted blood without chemicals. This rapid, portable device offers a simple method for field use, improving accessibility to essential blood diagnostics.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Diagnostics
  • Optical Instrumentation

Background:

  • Current hemoglobinometers have significant disadvantages.
  • Accurate hemoglobin (Hb) measurement is crucial for diagnosing various medical conditions.
  • Existing methods often require chemical reagents and precise dilutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an optical instrument for measuring total hemoglobin (Hb) concentration in whole, undiluted blood.
  • To overcome the limitations of existing hemoglobinometers.
  • To provide a rapid, accurate, and potentially portable method for Hb assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an infrared light-emitting diode to illuminate a capillary tube with whole blood.
  • Measured scattered light intensity using a photodetector.

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  • Employed a microprocessor to compute Hb concentration based on a nonlinear function of light intensity.

    • Main Results:

    • The optical device demonstrated excellent correlation with standard methods (r = 0.99).
    • Achieved high accuracy with a mean absolute difference of 0.75 g Hb/dl, less than 1 g Hb/dl.
    • Measurements were obtained within seconds, requiring no chemical reactions or toxic reagents.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed optical instrument provides an accurate and efficient method for measuring total hemoglobin.
    • Its advantages include speed, portability, minimal sample volume, and ease of use by unskilled personnel.
    • The device has the potential for widespread application in diverse settings, including field and rural environments.