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Updated: Mar 9, 2026
12:17
The 4-vessel Sampling Approach to Integrative Studies of Human Placental Physiology In Vivo
Published on: August 2, 2017
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Review: Placental mitochondrial function and structure in gestational disorders.
Olivia Holland1, Marloes Dekker Nitert2, Linda A Gallo3
1School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus Southport, Queensland, Australia.
Placenta
|December 28, 2016
Summary
Mitochondrial dysfunction in the placenta is linked to gestational disorders like preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. Addressing placental mitochondrial health is crucial for maternal and infant well-being.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Mitochondrial Biology
- Perinatal Medicine
Background:
- Gestational disorders often stem from unknown causes, but abnormal placentation leading to impaired nutrient/oxygen transfer is common.
- Placental mitochondria are key regulators of cellular energy, metabolism, and apoptosis, responding dynamically to physiological and pathological changes.
- Mitochondrial dysfunction impacts critical placental functions, potentially contributing to adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the integral functions of placental mitochondria.
- To investigate the role of mitochondrial structure and function in common gestational disorders.
- To highlight the implications of placental mitochondrial dysfunction for maternal and fetal health.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on placental mitochondrial biology.
- Analysis of studies examining mitochondrial structure and function in gestational disorders.
- Synthesis of evidence linking placental mitochondria to preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, diabetes mellitus, and obesity.
Main Results:
- Placental mitochondria exhibit dynamic changes in morphology, number, and oxidative phosphorylation in response to cellular demands and pathologies.
- Evidence suggests altered mitochondrial function and structure in conditions like preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction.
- Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated across a spectrum of gestational disorders, including diabetes and obesity.
Conclusions:
- Placental mitochondrial dysfunction is a significant factor in various gestational disorders.
- Understanding placental mitochondrial roles is vital for improving maternal and offspring health outcomes.
- Targeting mitochondrial pathways may offer therapeutic strategies for gestational pathologies.
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