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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Mimicking and Measuring Occlusal Erosive Tooth Wear with the "Rub&Roll" and Non-contact Profilometry
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Age-related changes in mastication.

M A Peyron1, A Woda2, P Bourdiol2

  • 1Human Nutrition Unit, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Saint Genès-Champanelle, France.

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
|December 29, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human mastication adapts to food preparation for swallowing. While healthy aging minimally impacts chewing, advanced age with diseases increases risks of choking and malnutrition.

Keywords:
ageingfood bolusgranulometrymasticationnutritionswallowing

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Physiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Mastication is crucial for food processing and safe swallowing.
  • Age-related changes can potentially affect masticatory function.
  • Understanding these changes is vital for nutritional health in aging populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review age-related changes in human mastication.
  • To examine the adaptive capacity of mastication across different age groups.
  • To identify factors contributing to impaired mastication in the very old.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on human mastication and aging.
  • Analysis of masticatory adaptation mechanisms in young adults.
  • Examination of physiological and pathological changes affecting mastication in older adults.

Main Results:

  • Young adults exhibit robust masticatory adaptation for bolus preparation.
  • Healthy aging shows minor modifications in mastication, with preserved adaptive capabilities.
  • Very old individuals with diseases experience significant functional impairment, increasing risks.

Conclusions:

  • Mastication remains adaptable throughout healthy aging.
  • Systemic and local diseases in very old age are primary drivers of masticatory dysfunction.
  • Impaired mastication in the elderly necessitates attention to eating behavior, nutrition, and safety.