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Related Concept Videos

Taste Buds and Receptors01:20

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Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
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Gustation is a chemical sense that, along with olfaction (smell), contributes to our perception of taste. It starts with the activation of receptors by chemical compounds (tastants) dissolved in the saliva. The saliva and filiform papillae on the tongue distribute the tastants and increase their exposure to the taste receptors.
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The perception of a salty flavor is facilitated by sodium ions within the oral salivary fluid. Upon consumption of a salty substance, salt crystals disassemble, leading to the liberation of its constituents—Na+ and Cl- ions. These ions subsequently dissolve into the salivary fluid present in the oral cavity. The external environment of the gustatory cells experiences an elevation in Na+ concentration, thereby establishing a potent concentration gradient. This gradient propels the...
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A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
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The surface of the tongue is covered with various small bumps called papillae, which either distribute what has been ingested (filiform papillae) or contain the sensory taste (or gustatory) receptor cells (fungiform, circumvallate, and foliate papillae). Embedded within each taste-related papilla are the taste buds—clusters of 30 to 100 gustatory receptor cells.
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Taste Exam: A Brief and Validated Test
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Taste function assessed by electrogustometry in burning mouth syndrome: a case-control study.

A Braud1, V Descroix1,2, M-N Ungeheuer3

  • 1UFR Odontologie, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.

Oral Diseases
|December 29, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Idiopathic burning mouth syndrome (iBMS) patients show impaired taste sensitivity, particularly on the tongue's right side. This suggests a link between taste perception and pain in iBMS.

Keywords:
burning mouth syndromeelectrogustometryidiopathicpaintaste

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Area of Science:

  • Oral Medicine
  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Science

Background:

  • Idiopathic burning mouth syndrome (iBMS) presents as persistent oral pain without identifiable clinical or biological causes.
  • Understanding the sensory alterations in iBMS is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare taste function between individuals with iBMS and healthy controls.
  • To explore the relationship between taste perception and self-reported pain intensity in iBMS patients.

Main Methods:

  • Electrogustometric thresholds (EGMt) were measured at nine tongue loci in 21 iBMS patients and 21 controls.
  • Taste function was assessed by evaluating fungiform and foliate gustatory papillae.
  • Statistical analysis included the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Spearman correlation, and a significance level of P < 0.05.

Main Results:

  • Significantly increased EGMt (impaired taste sensitivity) were observed in iBMS patients on the right dorsum and right lateral sides of the tongue.
  • In iBMS patients, pain intensity (VAS scores) correlated significantly with EGMt at the tongue tip and lateral sides.
  • These findings indicate altered taste function in specific areas of the tongue in iBMS.

Conclusions:

  • Data reveal diminished taste sensitivity in iBMS patients within fungiform and foliate taste bud areas.
  • The results support a significant interaction between gustatory pathways and pain perception in the pathophysiology of iBMS.
  • This study highlights the role of taste dysfunction in the experience of burning mouth pain.