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A Test of Basic Psychological Needs Theory in a Physical-Activity-Based Program for Underserved Youth.

Lindley McDavid1, Meghan H McDonough2, Bonnie T Blankenship1

  • 11 Purdue University.

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|December 30, 2016
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Summary

Staff training in autonomy support, involvement, and structure improved youth well-being. Observed staff behaviors positively influenced youth perceptions, enhancing their psychological need satisfaction and overall well-being.

Keywords:
hopeinterventionpositive youth developmentself-determination theoryself-worth

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Basic psychological needs theory posits that autonomy support, involvement, and structure are crucial for psychological need satisfaction and well-being.
  • Social relationships significantly impact youth development and mental health outcomes.
  • Understanding how interpersonal characteristics influence well-being in youth programs is essential for effective interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the pathways of basic psychological needs theory in a youth program setting.
  • To investigate if staff training in autonomy support, involvement, and structure enhances psychological need satisfaction and well-being in youth.
  • To examine the relationship between observed staff behaviors, youth perceptions, and changes in well-being.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial design was employed with a physical-activity-based youth program.
  • Staff (N=24) received training to manipulate autonomy support, involvement, and structure.
  • Youth (N=379) perceptions of staff, psychological needs, hope, and self-worth were surveyed pre- and post-program.

Main Results:

  • Staff in the intervention condition demonstrated greater observed autonomy support, involvement, and structure.
  • While condition assignment did not directly alter youth perceptions, observed staff behaviors positively predicted youth perceptions of staff.
  • Youth perceptions of staff positively predicted changes in their well-being.

Conclusions:

  • The staff training effectively influenced staff engagement with youth.
  • Autonomy support, involvement, and structure are identified as effective strategies for fostering youth well-being.
  • Findings support the application of basic psychological needs theory in practical youth settings.