Cognitive assessment parameters and tools for the critically injured adult

No one parameter or tool is the best. The AACN standards for practice currently recommend various assessment criteria. Initial assessments must be done to establish a baseline, and follow-up data collection will then reveal any trend. What criteria, test or tool the nurse chooses is often dictated by the patient's level of consciousness, stability, the equipment available, the nurse's expertise, and the other personnel involved in the patient's care. The key to successful patient outcome is to appreciate what clinical parameters, diagnostic tests, and pencil and paper tools are available and to select the most appropriate. The nurse must recognize the strengths and limitations of all assessment devices and choose knowledgeably among them.