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The developing hypopharyngeal microbiota in early life.

Martin Steen Mortensen1, Asker Daniel Brejnrod1, Michael Roggenbuck1

  • 1Department of Biology, Section of Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, bldg. 1, DK2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.

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The airway microbiota in healthy infants rapidly develops within the first three months, forming distinct community types. Older siblings significantly influence this early development, shaping the infant

Keywords:
Airway microbiomeInfant microbiomeMicrobiome development

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Pediatrics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Healthy airways host a unique microbial community.
  • Microbiota disturbances are linked to disease.
  • Early-life airway microbiota development is poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the establishment of the airway microbiota in the first three months of life.
  • To understand the early development of the hypopharyngeal microbiota.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the hypopharyngeal microbiota in 700 infants from the COPSAC2010 cohort.
  • 16S rRNA gene sequencing of hypopharyngeal aspirates at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months of age.

Main Results:

  • Five distinct infant airway microbial community types (pneumotypes) were identified.
  • Four pneumotypes were dominated by Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Moraxella, or Corynebacterium.
  • The airway microbiota showed rapid maturation, influenced by older siblings, with individual infants' microbiota becoming more personalized over time.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates a consolidation of indigenous bacteria in healthy infant airways.
  • Distinct developmental trajectories for the early hypopharyngeal microbiota were observed.