Pediatric Robot-assisted Redo Pyeloplasty With Buccal Mucosa Graft: A Novel Technique

To report a novel approach of pediatric robot-assisted redo pyeloplasty with buccal mucosa graft (BMG).

An Institutional Review Board-approved retrospective review of all patients undergoing robot-assisted redo pyeloplasty with BMG at our institution was performed.

For all patients, the following ports were used: one 8.5 mm camera, two 8 mm robotic, and one 5 mm assistant. Initial dissection was performed laparoscopically and robotically, and the ureter was incised longitudinally along the anterior surface. The robot was undocked, and BMG was harvested from the inner cheek. The robot was then redocked, and grafts were delivered via the 8 mm robotic port and anastomosed as anterior onlay grafts using 5-0 or 6-0 absorbable monofilament suture. Omentum was quilted over the graft as a vascular backing. Ureteral stents were placed intraoperatively and left in situ for 8 weeks. Foley catheters were removed on postoperative day 3. All patients received intravenous ampicillin and gentamicin preoperatively, with antibiotics discontinued within 24 hours.

Three patients underwent robot-assisted redo pyeloplasty with BMG. Patient characteristics are seen in Table 1. Mean number of prior surgeries for ureteropelvic junction obstruction repair was 2 (1-3), and mean length of stricture was 4.3 cm (2.5-6). At a median follow-up of 10 months (5-26), all patients are asymptomatic with stable or improved ultrasound.

Robot-assisted redo pyeloplasty with BMG is safe and feasible in the pediatric population. Long-term follow-up is needed to determine the durability of these grafts.