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Ambient noise correlations on a mobile, deformable array.

Perry Naughton1, Philippe Roux2, Riley Yeakle1

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This study shows ambient acoustic noise can reveal travel times between moving ocean receivers. Analysis of noise correlations demonstrates amplitude information recovery, enabling source direction determination.

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Area of Science:

  • Ocean acoustics
  • Seismology
  • Signal processing

Background:

  • Ambient noise in the ocean contains valuable information about the acoustic environment.
  • Traditional methods often require fixed receiver arrays, limiting their application in dynamic oceanic settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the retrieval of travel time information from ambient acoustic noise using freely drifting oceanic receivers.
  • To investigate the characteristics of the noise correlation function with varying receiver separation.
  • To develop and validate a method for determining source direction with a mobile array.

Main Methods:

  • Processing ambient acoustic noise data from multiple free-floating oceanic receivers.
  • Performing thousands of short-time (10s) cross-correlations between receiver pairs.
  • Analyzing the amplitude decay of the noise correlation function with increasing receiver separation.
  • Developing an incoherent beamformer to estimate source direction.

Main Results:

  • The amplitude decay of the noise correlation function follows a power law with increasing receiver separation.
  • Amplitude information embedded within the noise correlation function can be recovered.
  • An incoherent beamformer successfully determined source direction using a moving array with large element separation.
  • Travel time information between mobile receivers was recovered under specific noise source distributions.

Conclusions:

  • Ambient acoustic noise processing is a viable method for extracting geophysical information in oceanic settings.
  • The power-law decay of the noise correlation function provides insights into signal propagation.
  • Mobile receiver arrays and incoherent beamforming offer new possibilities for ocean acoustic monitoring and exploration.