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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
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Individualized Stem-positioning in Calcar-guided Short-stem Total Hip Arthroplasty
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Correcting severe valgus deformity: taking out the knock.

J Lange1, S B Haas1

  • 1Hospital for Special Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA.

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|January 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Valgus knee deformity presents surgical challenges in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This review details bone and soft-tissue pathology, guiding surgeons on management strategies for valgus knee arthritis.

Keywords:
Total knee arthroplastyValgus deformity

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Valgus knee deformity poses unique surgical challenges for total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
  • Understanding the specific bone and soft-tissue pathology is crucial for effective surgical planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide knee arthroplasty surgeons with an understanding of surgical management strategies for valgus knee arthritis.
  • To review common pathologies associated with valgus knee deformity.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article, synthesizing existing literature on valgus knee deformity and its surgical management.
  • It discusses common patterns of bone and soft-tissue abnormalities.

Main Results:

  • Valgus knees often exhibit lateral femoral and tibial deficiencies, contracted lateral soft tissues, and attenuated medial soft tissues.
  • Various classifications and surgical strategies exist, yielding satisfactory clinical outcomes.
  • Appropriate TKA implant selection depends on deformity severity.

Conclusions:

  • A systematic, step-wise approach to deformity correction is recommended for all surgical strategies.
  • Effective management requires a thorough understanding of valgus knee anatomy and pathology.