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Detection of factor X activation in humans
K A Bauer1, B L Kass, H ten Cate
1Charles A. Dana Research Institute, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, MA 02215.
Blood
|November 1, 1989
Summary
A new radioimmunoassay accurately measures factor X activation fragments in plasma. Elevated levels indicate disseminated intravascular coagulation, while low levels suggest factor VII deficiency, highlighting the extrinsic pathway's role.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Hematology
- Immunology
Background:
- Factor X activation is a critical step in the coagulation cascade.
- Measuring factor X activation provides insights into hemostatic balance and thrombotic disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a sensitive radioimmunoassay (RIA) for quantifying the activation peptide of factor X (FXP).
- To establish normal ranges and assess FXP levels in various clinical conditions.
Main Methods:
- Development of a specific RIA using antisera against a synthetic peptide representing the FXP.
- Implementation of a plasma extraction procedure to minimize nonspecific signals.
- Validation using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.
Main Results:
- The RIA demonstrated high specificity for FXP over native factor X.
- Normal mean FXP levels in individuals under 40 were 66.4 pmol/L.
- Elevated FXP levels (up to 550 pmol/L) were observed in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation.
- Markedly decreased FXP levels (25.7 pmol/L) were found in factor VII deficient patients, unlike factor VIII deficient patients (61.1 pmol/L).
Conclusions:
- The developed RIA is a valid and sensitive tool for measuring factor X activation in vivo.
- Basal FXP levels primarily result from the extrinsic coagulation pathway's activity.
- FXP measurements can aid in diagnosing and understanding coagulation disorders.