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Preventing Patient-to-Worker Violence in Hospitals: Outcome of a Randomized Controlled Intervention
Judith E Arnetz1, Lydia Hamblin, Jim Russell
1Department of Family Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (Dr Arnetz); Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (Dr Arnetz); Departments of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences (Dr Arnetz, Ms Hamblin, Dr Janisse) and Psychology, Wayne State University (Ms Hamblin); Detroit Medical Center Occupational Health Services (Mr Russell, Dr Upfal, Ms Essenmacher); Department of Emergency Medicine (Dr Upfal); Institute of Gerontology (Dr Luborsky), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; and Department of Neurobiology, Caring Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet (Dr Luborsky), Sweden.
Hospitals can reduce patient-to-worker violence by implementing a data-driven intervention. This worksite-based approach significantly lowered violent events and injuries among healthcare workers.
Area of Science:
- Healthcare management
- Occupational safety
- Violence prevention
Background:
- Patient-to-worker violence is a significant occupational hazard in hospitals.
- Existing prevention strategies often lack data-driven approaches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the effectiveness of a randomized controlled intervention in reducing patient-to-worker (Type II) violence and associated injuries.
- To determine if providing unit-level violence data influences intervention outcomes.
Main Methods:
- A randomized controlled trial involving 41 hospital units across seven institutions.
- Intervention group units received unit-specific violence data to develop prevention action plans.
- Control group units did not receive violence data.
Main Results:
- A significant reduction in violent events was observed in intervention units at 6 months (IRR 0.48, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.80).
- A lower risk of violence-related injury was noted in intervention units at 24 months (IRR 0.37, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.83).
Conclusions:
- A data-driven, worksite-based intervention effectively decreases patient-to-worker violence.
- Providing actionable violence data to hospital units enhances prevention efforts and worker safety.
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