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Predicting suicide behaviours in incarcerated settings.

J Arboleda-Florez1, H Holley

  • 1University of Calgary, Alberta.

Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie
|October 1, 1989
PubMed
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Marital status, specifically divorce or separation, directly predicts suicide risk in incarcerated individuals. A comprehensive model integrating clinical and criminological factors accurately identifies high-risk inmates.

Area of Science:

  • Forensic Psychology
  • Clinical Criminology
  • Suicidology

Background:

  • Existing suicide prediction tools are often not suitable for incarcerated populations.
  • A previously developed suicide checklist for Alberta Remand Centres demonstrated practicality and reliability.
  • The need exists to evaluate the predictive validity of this checklist in a real-world correctional setting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the discriminant validity and predictive power of a suicide checklist for new admissions.
  • To assess the relative importance of socio-demographic, clinical, and historical variables in suicide risk prediction.
  • To examine the interaction between clinical and criminological variables for improved suicide risk assessment.

Main Methods:

  • A stepwise multivariate framework was employed to analyze checklist data.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Data were collected from a cohort of consecutive admissions to the Edmonton Remand Centre in 1986.
  • The study assessed the ability of checklist items to discriminate high-risk individuals and analyzed variable importance.

    • Main Results:

    • Marital status (divorced/separated) was the sole direct statistical predictor of suicide risk.
    • Symptom score showed general predictive power, but its relationship was heterogeneous across criminological subgroups.
    • A model incorporating clinical and criminological variable interactions achieved 100% discrimination of active suicide risks and 63% for prior suicide history.

    Conclusions:

    • The suicide checklist, particularly when considering interactions with criminological factors, offers significant predictive utility in incarcerated settings.
    • Marital status is a critical demographic factor to consider in suicide risk assessments for inmates.
    • Findings have practical implications for refining suicide screening protocols in correctional facilities.