Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 8, 2026
06:01
Expression of Transgenes in Native Bladder Urothelium Using Adenovirus-Mediated Transduction
Published on: October 6, 2022
1.9K
Adenovirus transduction: More complicated than receptor expression.
Priyanka Sharma1, Prithy C Martis2, Katherine J D A Excoffon3
1Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA.
Virology
|January 4, 2017
Summary
Host cell susceptibility to adenovirus infection depends on the Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR). CAR isoform expression and cell polarity significantly impact adenovirus transduction, crucial for gene therapy strategies.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Virus receptor abundance and accessibility dictate host cell susceptibility to infection.
- The Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) exists in two transmembrane isoforms due to alternative splicing, affecting function in polarized epithelia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relevance of CAR isoform-specific expression across various cell types.
- To correlate CAR isoform abundance and localization with adenovirus transduction susceptibility.
Main Methods:
- Determined abundance and localization of both CAR isoforms in ten common cell lines.
- Compared CAR expression and adenovirus transduction in cell lines versus polarized primary human airway epithelia.
Main Results:
- Significant variation in CAR gene and protein expression for both isoforms was observed across cell lines.
- Cellular polarity, indicated by transepithelial resistance, showed an inverse relationship with adenovirus transduction efficiency.
Conclusions:
- Isoform-specific CAR expression and cell polarity are critical parameters for adenovirus research.
- These factors must be considered for the clinical relevance of adenovirus-mediated gene therapy and anti-adenovirus strategies.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications
895
DialyzersA hemodialysis (HD) dialyzer is a plastic cartridge containing thousands of parallel hollow fibers, which serve as semipermeable membranes. These fibers are typically made from cellulose-based or other synthetic materials. During HD, blood is pumped into the top of the cartridge and distributed among these fibers. Simultaneously, dialysis fluid, known as dialysate, is introduced into the bottom of the cartridge, bathing the outside of the fibers. Across the semipermeable membrane,...
895
01:16Transduction
1.8K
Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome...
1.8K
01:00Enzyme-linked Receptors
86.7K
Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
86.7K
01:31Internal Receptors
74.7K
Many cellular signals are hydrophilic and therefore cannot pass through the plasma membrane. However, small or hydrophobic signaling molecules can cross the hydrophobic core of the plasma membrane and bind to internal, or intracellular, receptors that reside within the cell. Many mammalian steroid hormones use this mechanism of cell signaling, as does nitric oxide (NO) gas.
74.7K
01:30Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
885
Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
885
01:15Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
2.4K
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
2.4K