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Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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Cardiac emergencies are critical situations involving the heart that require immediate medical intervention to prevent severe complications or death. These emergencies often arise from underlying heart conditions that impair the heart's ability to function correctly.Types of Cardiac EmergenciesThe most common types of cardiac emergencies include Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac arrest, and heart failure.Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)...
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Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance for the Evaluation of Suspected Cardiac Thrombus: Conventional and Emerging Techniques
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Blunt Cardiac Rupture: A Diagnostic Challenge.

Suraj Pinni1, Vineet Kumar2, Satish Balkrishna Dharap3

  • 1Post Graduate Resident, Department of General Surgery, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and General Hospital , Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India .

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR
|January 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Blunt cardiac rupture (BCR) is a critical injury. Prompt diagnosis and treatment, even without advanced imaging, can save patients with complex trauma.

Keywords:
Cardiac tamponadeFocussed assessment with sonography in traumaPolytraumaRight atrial appendage

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Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Blunt cardiac rupture (BCR) is a severe, often fatal, thoracic injury.
  • Patients with BCR frequently present in shock, posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Observation:

  • A patient with multiple blunt force injuries presented with shock and mediastinal widening.
  • Cardiac tamponade was suspected clinically and radiographically.

Findings:

  • Diagnosis was confirmed via subxiphoid pericardial window in the absence of echocardiography.
  • Emergency thoracotomy revealed a right atrial appendage rupture, surgically repaired.
  • The patient also had a grade IV splenic injury requiring splenectomy and other injuries managed conservatively.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of adhering to trauma resuscitation protocols.
  • Timely intervention, even with limited diagnostic tools, can be life-saving for complex blunt trauma.
  • Effective management of BCR and associated injuries is achievable with prompt surgical correction.