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Patch Test as a Diagnostic Tool in Hand Eczema.

Natarajan Vigneshkarthik1, Satyaki Ganguly2, Sheela Kuruvila3

  • 1Junior Resident, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences , Pondicherry, India .

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR
|January 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Allergic contact dermatitis is a common cause of hand eczema, with nickel being the most frequent allergen identified through patch testing. Many hand eczema cases are not caused by allergic reactions.

Keywords:
Allergic contact dermatitisNickelPara- phenylenediaminePotassium dichromate

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Allergic contact dermatitis is a significant cause of hand eczema.
  • Patch testing is crucial for diagnosing allergic contact dermatitis.
  • Allergen exposure patterns vary globally, influencing dermatitis prevalence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific causes of allergic contact dermatitis in adult patients presenting with hand eczema.
  • To utilize patch testing to identify causative allergens in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study of 54 adult hand eczema patients was conducted in Southern India.
  • Patients underwent detailed history taking, examination, and patch testing with the Indian standard series.
  • Results were interpreted using International Contact Dermatitis Research Group criteria.

Main Results:

  • Nickel (11.11%) and para-phenylenediamine (PPD) (7.4%) were the most common allergens.
  • Nickel and cobalt were frequent in women; potassium dichromate and parthenium in men.
  • Potassium dichromate allergy was linked to masons, and PPD allergy to hair dye users.

Conclusions:

  • Allergic contact dermatitis is not the primary cause for most hand eczema cases.
  • A history of atopy is frequently observed in patients with pompholyx.
  • Nickel allergy remains a prevalent cause of allergic contact dermatitis leading to hand eczema.