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Changes in aldehyde dehydrogenase during rat urinary bladder carcinogenesis.

P Campbell1, C C Irving, R Lindahl

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa 35487.

Carcinogenesis
|November 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) class 3 activity decreases in rat bladders early in carcinogenesis but increases in tumors. This suggests similar alterations in ALDH expression occur in bladder cancer as in liver cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Carcinogenesis Research
  • Urology

Background:

  • Normal rat urinary bladder expresses significant aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) class 3, unlike normal liver.
  • Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) class 3 is implicated in hepatocarcinogenesis.
  • N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN) is a known inducer of bladder cancer in rats.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) expression in rat bladder during N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN)-induced carcinogenesis.
  • To compare ALDH alterations in bladder cancer with those observed in liver cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized histochemical analysis, total ALDH activity assays, and gel electrophoresis over 42 weeks.
  • Assessed class 1, 2, and 3 ALDH phenotypes using specific substrates and cofactors (P-NAD and B-NADP).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examined ALDH expression in hyperplastic regions, neoplastic lesions (papillomas, carcinomas), and surrounding urothelium.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant decrease in bladder class 3 ALDH activity was observed between weeks 5-15 of BBN treatment.
    • Intense class 3 ALDH staining appeared in hyperplastic regions by week 10, with decreased activity in adjacent normal urothelium.
    • Class 3 ALDH activity was elevated in BBN-induced bladder tumors (papillomas and carcinomas) compared to controls, with heterogeneous staining within lesions.

    Conclusions:

    • Early neoplastic development in the bladder involves significant changes in aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) class 3 expression.
    • Increased class 3 ALDH activity in bladder neoplasms mirrors findings in liver carcinogenesis.
    • Suggests conserved molecular events influencing ALDH expression during carcinogenesis in different organs.