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Related Experiment Video

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Co-morbidity in Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Clinical Study from India.

P Jacob1, S Srinath1, S Girimaji1

  • 1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health And Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India.

East Asian Archives of Psychiatry : Official Journal of the Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists = Dong Ya Jing Shen Ke Xue Zhi : Xianggang Jing Shen Ke Yi Xue Yuan Qi Kan
|January 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents frequently co-occurs with other neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions. Oppositional defiant disorder significantly impacts ADHD severity, necessitating thorough evaluation and management.

Keywords:
AdolescentAttention deficit disorder with hyperactivityChildComorbidity

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Area of Science:

  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Psychiatric Comorbidities

Background:

  • Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children and adolescents.
  • Comorbid conditions can significantly impact diagnosis and treatment outcomes.
  • Understanding the prevalence of co-occurring disorders is crucial for comprehensive care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric comorbidities in children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD.
  • To identify specific comorbid disorders and their impact on ADHD severity.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 63 children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD was assessed.
  • Utilized standardized tools including the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents and ADHD Rating Scale IV (ADHD-RS).
  • Evaluated for neurodevelopmental disorders (e.g., specific learning disability) and psychiatric disorders (e.g., oppositional defiant disorder).

Main Results:

  • A very high prevalence of neurodevelopmental and/or psychiatric comorbidities was observed in ADHD patients.
  • Specific learning disability and oppositional defiant disorder were the most common comorbidities.
  • Higher ADHD-RS scores were noted in patients with psychiatric comorbidities, particularly oppositional defiant disorder.

Conclusions:

  • Comorbidity is highly prevalent in clinic-referred children with ADHD.
  • Psychiatric comorbidities, especially oppositional defiant disorder, exacerbate ADHD severity.
  • Explicit assessment and appropriate management of comorbidities are essential in ADHD evaluations.