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Related Concept Videos

Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

1.2K
Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

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A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
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Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation

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Ventilators are essential medical equipment used to aid patients with respiratory difficulties. Their primary function is to assist or replace spontaneous breathing by providing mechanical ventilation. There are two general classes of mechanical ventilators: negative-pressure and positive-pressure ventilators.
Negative-Pressure Ventilators
Negative-pressure ventilators create a vacuum around the chest or body to draw air into the lungs, simulating breathing. This method does not require an...
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Pleura of the Lungs01:13

Pleura of the Lungs

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The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...
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Ventilatory Modes01:14

Ventilatory Modes

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Mechanical ventilators are life-saving devices that support or replace spontaneous breathing. They deliver breaths to patients through varying methods known as ventilator modes. Understanding these modes is critical for healthcare providers managing patients with respiratory failure.
There are three ventilatory modes: full support, partial support, and spontaneous. These are described below.
Full Support Modes
Full support modes include controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory...
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Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation

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Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) are essential methods in respiratory care. These ventilation techniques offer unique benefits for patients with various respiratory conditions, providing adequate support without requiring intubation. Let's explore how each method is crucial in improving patient outcomes and enhancing respiratory therapy.
Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review
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Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review

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Lung herniation after positive pressure ventilation.

Ser Hon Puah1, Carmen Tan Pei Sze1, John Abisheganaden1

  • 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore.

Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
|January 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Lung herniation, a rare condition, can occur after thoracic surgery. This case report details lung herniation precipitated by positive pressure mechanical ventilation, a previously undocumented cause.

Keywords:
Lung herniationMyasthenia gravisPositive pressure ventilationThoracotomy

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Lung herniation is a rare condition, with limited literature primarily consisting of case reports.
  • Historically described since 1845, the etiology and management of lung herniation remain incompletely understood.
  • Commonly associated with trauma or post-thoracic surgery complications, its presentation varies.

Observation:

  • This report details a unique case of lung herniation.
  • The herniation occurred at a previous thoracotomy site.
  • Positive pressure mechanical ventilation was identified as the precipitating factor.

Findings:

  • The study presents the first documented instance of lung herniation triggered by mechanical ventilation.
  • This finding expands the known causes of lung herniation.
  • The specific mechanism involves positive pressure ventilation in a patient with a prior thoracic surgical history.

Implications:

  • Highlights mechanical ventilation as a potential iatrogenic cause of lung herniation.
  • Suggests careful consideration of positive pressure ventilation in patients with prior thoracic surgery.
  • May prompt further investigation into the biomechanics of lung herniation during ventilation.