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Nutritional effects on T-cell immunometabolism.

Sivan Cohen1, Keiko Danzaki2, Nancie J MacIver1,2,3

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.

European Journal of Immunology
|January 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Nutritional status significantly impacts T-cell function. Malnutrition impairs T-cell activity, while obesity links T-cells to inflammation and insulin resistance, highlighting their role in nutritional immunometabolism.

Keywords:
Glucose metabolismLeptinMalnutritionObesityT cells

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Metabolic Science
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • T-cell function is closely linked to nutrient availability.
  • Nutritional status, including malnutrition and obesity, profoundly affects T-cell metabolism and behavior.
  • Leptin, an adipokine, plays a crucial role in connecting nutrition and immunity, particularly in regulating T-cell glucose metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the critical role of T-cells in nutritional immunometabolism.
  • To elucidate how malnutrition and obesity alter T-cell function and metabolism.
  • To understand the mechanisms by which T-cells contribute to metabolic diseases like insulin resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on T-cell metabolism and nutritional status.
  • Analysis of the impact of malnutrition and obesity on T-cell function, including survival, proliferation, and cytokine production.
  • Investigation of the role of leptin signaling in T-cell activation and metabolism.
  • Examination of T-cell involvement in obesity-associated inflammation and insulin resistance.

Main Results:

  • Severe malnutrition decreases T-cell survival, proliferation, inflammatory cytokine production, and glucose metabolism.
  • Altered T-cell metabolism in malnutrition is linked to decreased leptin levels.
  • Leptin signaling is essential for upregulating activated T-cell glucose metabolism.
  • In obesity, T-cells contribute to inflammation, macrophage recruitment in adipose tissue, and insulin resistance.

Conclusions:

  • T-cells are central players in nutritional immunometabolism.
  • Both malnutrition and obesity induce significant, yet distinct, alterations in T-cell function and metabolism.
  • Understanding T-cell's role in nutritional immunometabolism is crucial for addressing metabolic diseases.