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[Hypertensive crisis: urgency and hypertensive emergency]
Javier Sobrino Martínez1, Mónica Doménech Feria-Carot2, Alberto Morales Salinas3
1Unidad de Hipertensión, Fundación Hospital del Espíritu Santo, Universidad de Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, España. Address: Unidad de hipertensión, Fundación Hospital del Espíritu Santo, Universidad de Barcelona, Avenida Mossen Pons i Rabada S/N, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Barcelona, España.
Medwave
|January 6, 2017
Summary
Hypertensive urgency and emergency differ in immediate patient risk and organ damage. Urgency allows outpatient treatment, while emergency requires hospitalization for critical care.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Nephrology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Hypertensive crises encompass varied clinical scenarios with distinct prognoses.
- Distinguishing between hypertensive urgency and emergency hinges on immediate vital risk to the patient.
- Organ damage severity, not just elevated blood pressure, defines the risk level.
Purpose of the Study:
- To differentiate hypertensive urgency from hypertensive emergency.
- To outline appropriate management strategies for each condition.
- To emphasize personalized treatment approaches for severe hypertension.
Main Methods:
- Clinical assessment of patients presenting with severe hypertension.
- Confirmation of blood pressure readings through multiple measurements.
- Investigation and management of precipitating factors for hypertensive crises.
Main Results:
- Hypertensive urgency poses no immediate risk, allowing for outpatient treatment.
- Hypertensive emergency is a critical condition necessitating hospital admission.
- Treatment for urgency aims for gradual blood pressure reduction (≥20%) without sudden drops, avoiding rapid-acting drugs to prevent ischemic stroke.
Conclusions:
- Hypertensive emergencies require immediate, often intravenous, personalized medical intervention.
- Patients experiencing hypertensive crises have elevated cardiovascular risk.
- Careful evaluation is crucial for asymptomatic or non-specifically symptomatic severe hypertension.
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