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Tampering with cancer chemoresistance by targeting the TGM2-IL6-autophagy regulatory network

Han Zhang1, Nami McCarty1

  • 1a Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Disease , Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases (IMM), the University of Texas-Health Science Center at Houston , Houston , TX USA.

Autophagy
|January 6, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Autophagy, a cellular process, plays a complex role in cancer. Researchers identified a TGM2-NFKB-IL6 signaling loop that promotes cancer cell survival and lymphoma progression, offering new therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Macroautophagy/autophagy is crucial for cellular homeostasis but its role in cancer remains complex and debated.
  • Increased autophagy is observed in cancer cells under stress, yet mechanistic links to the tumor microenvironment are lacking.
  • Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) serves as a model to investigate the interplay between autophagy and cancer progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanistic link between autophagy and cancer progression in mantle cell lymphoma.
  • To identify key signaling pathways regulating autophagy in the context of the tumor microenvironment.
  • To explore potential therapeutic strategies targeting the identified regulatory network.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) as a model system.
  • Investigated a regulatory loop involving transglutaminase 2 (TGM2), NFKB signaling, and Interleukin-6 (IL6).
  • Assessed the functional connection between these pathways and their impact on malignant B cell survival and lymphoma progression.

Main Results:

  • Unveiled a positive regulatory loop connecting TGM2, NFKB signaling, IL6, and autophagy in cancer.
  • Demonstrated that this network promotes malignant B cell survival and enhances lymphoma progression in both murine models and human patients.
  • Established functional connectivity between TGM2, NFKB, IL6, and autophagy pathways.

Conclusions:

  • The identified TGM2-NFKB-IL6-autophagy network is a key driver of malignant B cell survival and lymphoma progression.
  • Disrupting this regulatory network presents a promising strategy to enhance current cancer therapies.
  • Targeting this network could potentially overcome drug resistance in mantle cell lymphoma and other cancers.
Keywords:
IL-6NF-κBTG2autophagycancerlymphomasurvivaltherapeutic target

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