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Related Experiment Video

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High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex to Enhance Metacognitive Sensitivity
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A Metacognitive model of procrastination.

Bruce A Fernie1, Zinnia Bharucha2, Ana V Nikčević3

  • 1King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, London, UK; HIV Assessment and Liaison Team, South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

Journal of Affective Disorders
|January 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Unintentional procrastination (UP) is predicted by metacognitions, depression, and Cognitive Attentional Syndrome (CAS) configurations. This study supports a metacognitive model for understanding and treating procrastination.

Keywords:
MetacognitionMetacognitive TherapyMetacognitive model of procrastinationProcrastinationSelf-Regulatory Executive Function model

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Procrastination is often viewed as a self-regulation failure.
  • Metacognitions are increasingly recognized as a factor in procrastination.
  • Unintentional procrastination (UP) may be more detrimental than intentional procrastination (IP).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test a metacognitive model of procrastination.
  • To ground the model in the Self-Regulatory Executive Function framework.
  • To investigate the predictive roles of metacognitions, depression, and Cognitive Attentional Syndrome (CAS) configurations in UP.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 400 participants.
  • Online questionnaires assessed IP, UP, metacognitions, depression, and CAS configurations.
  • Path analysis was used to test the proposed metacognitive model.

Main Results:

  • CAS configurations, depression, and metacognitions were independent predictors of UP.
  • The data demonstrated an excellent fit to the proposed metacognitive model.
  • The model successfully integrated key variables influencing procrastination.

Conclusions:

  • The metacognitive model of procrastination provides a robust framework for understanding this behavior.
  • Findings suggest that interventions targeting metacognitions, depression, and CAS may be effective for UP.
  • This research can inform the development of novel therapeutic strategies for procrastination.