Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

16.8K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
16.8K
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

4.7K
4.7K
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

4.2K
All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
4.2K
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

17.7K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
17.7K
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

9.8K
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
9.8K
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

4.0K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
4.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Toll-like receptor 3 L412F polymorphism promotes a persistent clinical phenotype in pulmonary sarcoidosis.

QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians·2017
Same author

IL-36γ is a crucial proximal component of protective type-1-mediated lung mucosal immunity in Gram-positive and -negative bacterial pneumonia.

Mucosal immunology·2017
Same author

IL-36 receptor deletion attenuates lung injury and decreases mortality in murine influenza pneumonia.

Mucosal immunology·2016
Same author

Epigenetic control of Foxp3 by SMYD3 H3K4 histone methyltransferase controls iTreg development and regulates pathogenic T-cell responses during pulmonary viral infection.

Mucosal immunology·2015
Same author

Viral disruption of olfactory progenitors is exacerbated in allergic mice.

International immunopharmacology·2014
Same author

TLR9 is expressed in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and its activation promotes in vitro myofibroblast differentiation.

Histochemistry and cell biology·2008

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Author Spotlight: Enhancements in Gene Expression Regulation Research
07:10

Author Spotlight: Enhancements in Gene Expression Regulation Research

Published on: September 15, 2023

2.7K

Regulation of Cellular Immune Responses in Sepsis by Histone Modifications.

W F Carson1, S L Kunkel1

  • 1University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.

Advances in Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology
|January 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Histone modifications in severe sepsis impact immune cell function, causing both acute inflammation and chronic immunosuppression. Aberrant chromatin changes in leukocytes may serve as biomarkers for sepsis-induced immune dysfunction.

Keywords:
ChromatinCytokinesEpigeneticsHistone modificationsImmune suppressionLeukocytesLymphocytesSepsis

More Related Videos

Evaluation of a Reliable Biomarker in a Cecal Ligation and Puncture-Induced Mouse Model of Sepsis
05:28

Evaluation of a Reliable Biomarker in a Cecal Ligation and Puncture-Induced Mouse Model of Sepsis

Published on: December 9, 2022

4.5K
A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis
07:42

A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis

Published on: February 7, 2025

562

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Author Spotlight: Enhancements in Gene Expression Regulation Research
07:10

Author Spotlight: Enhancements in Gene Expression Regulation Research

Published on: September 15, 2023

2.7K
Evaluation of a Reliable Biomarker in a Cecal Ligation and Puncture-Induced Mouse Model of Sepsis
05:28

Evaluation of a Reliable Biomarker in a Cecal Ligation and Puncture-Induced Mouse Model of Sepsis

Published on: December 9, 2022

4.5K
A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis
07:42

A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis

Published on: February 7, 2025

562

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Severe sepsis and septic shock involve dysregulated immune responses driven by inflammatory mediators.
  • Acute sepsis leads to a cytokine storm and organ failure, while survivors often experience prolonged immunosuppression.
  • Gene expression during inflammation is controlled by chromatin accessibility, influenced by histone modifications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of histone modifications in immune responses during severe sepsis.
  • To examine leukocyte subsets and their histone modifications in chronic sepsis.
  • To discuss chromatin-modifying enzymes (CMEs) as mediators of epigenetic regulation in sepsis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental evidence on histone modifications in sepsis.
  • Analysis of leukocyte subsets and their specific histone modifications.
  • Discussion of the expression and function of chromatin-modifying enzymes.

Main Results:

  • Histone modifications are central to the cytokine storm in severe sepsis.
  • Aberrant chromatin modifications during acute sepsis may cause chronic immunosuppression in survivors.
  • Specific histone modifications in leukocytes are observed during chronic sepsis stages.

Conclusions:

  • Histone modifications play a critical role in immune dysregulation during severe sepsis.
  • Aberrant chromatin modifications contribute to both acute and chronic immune alterations in sepsis.
  • Chromatin modifications and CME expression in leukocytes are potential biomarkers for sepsis-induced immunosuppression.