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HIV and Ischemic Heart Disease

Ahmed Vachiat1, Keir McCutcheon1, Nqoba Tsabedze1

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology
|January 7, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is more common in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) due to complex factors. Managing CHD risk is crucial as HIV patients live longer.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Coronary heart disease (CHD) prevalence is elevated in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals.
  • Complex interactions between HIV, host factors, traditional risks, and therapies contribute to increased CHD.
  • Longer lifespans in HIV patients due to combination antiretroviral therapy raise concerns about CHD's impact on morbidity, mortality, and healthcare systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review epidemiological evidence linking HIV infection and CHD.
  • To elucidate the pathogenesis and associated factors of CHD in HIV-positive individuals.
  • To outline presentation and management strategies for CHD in the context of HIV.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiological studies.
  • Analysis of current understanding of pathogenesis and risk factors.
  • Synthesis of clinical presentation and management guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Established epidemiological link between HIV infection and increased CHD risk.
  • Identified multifactorial etiology involving viral, host, traditional, and therapeutic elements.
  • Highlighted the need for specific management strategies for CHD in HIV patients.

Conclusions:

  • HIV infection is associated with a higher burden of CHD.
  • Understanding the complex interplay of factors is key to managing cardiovascular risk in HIV.
  • Proactive risk mitigation and tailored treatment are essential for HIV-positive individuals with CHD.

Keywords:
acquired immunodeficiency syndromeantiretroviral agentsatherosclerosiscoronary heart diseasedrug interactionsmyocardial infarction

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