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Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Speciation and Bioavailability Measurements of Environmental Plutonium Using Diffusion in Thin Films
Published on: November 9, 2015
Association of Plutonium isotopes with natural soil particles of different size and comparison with 137Cs
Yihong Xu1, Shaoming Pan1, Mengmeng Wu1
1The key Laboratory of Coastal and Island Development of Ministry of Education, School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Abstract:
Information on how plutonium (Pu) isotopes associate with natural soil particles of different size is very important for the interpretation involved in the application of Pu isotopes as soil erosion tracers. This work investigated the association of Pu isotopes with different particle size fractions of natural soils and compared it with that of 137Cs. Ten bulk soils collected from two different areas were separated into different particle size fractions by a combination of wet sieving and centrifugation techniques and the sub-samples were analyzed for 137Cs, 239Pu and 240Pu. Results showed that the concentrations of both 239+240Pu and 137Cs increase with decreased particle sizes and are closely related to the specific surface areas of soil particles, which demonstrated a similar preferential association of Pu with finer soil particles as 137Cs. The activity ratios of 239+240Pu/137Cs in soil fractions increasing with increased particle size further indicated a less preferential transport of Pu with fine particles compared to 137Cs. These results not only highlight the suitability of Pu isotopes as soil erosion tracers, but also provide useful information for assessing the migration behavior of Pu in contaminated environments.
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