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Related Experiment Videos

Resting state brain connectivity patterns before eventual relapse into cocaine abuse.

M Berlingeri1, D Losasso2, A Girolo3

  • 1DISTUM, Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy; NeuroMi, Milan Center for Neuroscience, Italy.

Behavioural Brain Research
|January 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary

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Former cocaine abusers exhibit altered brain connectivity, particularly between the nucleus accumbens (NAcs) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). This impaired connectivity is linked to relapse risk and reduced self-control in addiction recovery.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Addiction Research
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Drug addiction is theorized to involve impaired response inhibition and salience attribution (I-RISA).
  • This syndrome is associated with altered connectivity in brain regions like the nucleus accumbens (NAcs) and prefrontal cortex (PFC).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neuropsychological traits and resting-state brain network organization in former cocaine abusers (FCAs).
  • To empirically test the link between brain connectivity and relapse risk in individuals recovering from cocaine addiction.

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state functional connectivity was assessed in 18 FCAs (5 months abstinent) and 19 controls.
  • Psychological data were analyzed for emotion regulation, awareness, and controlled behavior.
Keywords:
CocaineFunctional connectivityI-RISANucleus accumbensResting state fMRIfMRI

Related Experiment Videos

  • Connectivity patterns were compared between FCAs and controls, and correlated with relapse and behavioral measures.

    • Main Results:

    • FCAs showed reduced NAcs-dPFC connectivity and enhanced NAcs-dorsal striatum connectivity compared to controls.
    • FCAs who relapsed had lower NAcs-dPFC connectivity than non-relapsed FCAs.
    • Higher NAcs-oPFC connectivity in FCAs correlated with lower strategic and controlled behavior.

    Conclusions:

    • Findings support models of the I-RISA syndrome, highlighting perturbed NAcs, dorsal striatum, and frontal cortex interactions in cocaine addiction.
    • Altered brain connectivity is associated with relapse risk and impaired cognitive control in FCAs.
    • These neural alterations may represent a vulnerability factor for continued cocaine abuse.