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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

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Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
641
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

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Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
663
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

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Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
295
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

506
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
506
Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

Pericarditis I: Introduction

539
Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
539
Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

522
Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
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A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
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Propionibacterium acnes endocarditis: a case series.

J M Banzon1, S J Rehm1, S M Gordon1

  • 1Department of Infectious Disease, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
|January 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Propionibacterium acnes rarely causes infective endocarditis (IE), often affecting prosthetic valves. Valve sequencing is crucial for diagnosing this challenging infection when standard cultures fail.

Keywords:
Blood cultureEndocarditisPropionibacteriumProsthetic valveValve sequencing

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Propionibacterium acnes is a rare cause of infective endocarditis (IE).
  • Diagnosis is challenging due to the organism's fastidious nature and indolent disease presentation.
  • IE caused by P. acnes predominantly affects prosthetic valves.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical presentation of P. acnes IE.
  • To outline management strategies for P. acnes IE.
  • To emphasize diagnostic methods for P. acnes IE.

Main Methods:

  • Patients with definite IE from 2007-2015 were identified from the Cleveland Clinic IE Registry.
  • P. acnes was confirmed if isolated from ≥2 cultures or ≥2 modalities (blood, valve, sequencing, histology).

Main Results:

  • 24 cases of P. acnes IE were identified; 96% involved prosthetic valves or annuloplasty rings.
  • Invasive disease (71%) and embolic complications (29%) were common; 96% of patients underwent surgery.
  • P. acnes was detected in 12.5% of routine blood cultures, 75% of extended blood cultures, 55% of valve cultures, and 95% of valve sequencing specimens.
  • Valve sequencing identified the pathogen in 46% of cases where other methods failed.

Conclusions:

  • P. acnes IE predominantly affects prosthetic valves and presents as advanced disease.
  • Extended blood cultures and valve sequencing are essential for diagnosis.
  • Valve sequencing is the most reliable method for diagnosing P. acnes IE in surgically treated patients.