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Hypothalamic and inflammatory basis of hypertension

Sinan Khor1,2,3, Dongsheng Cai4,2,3

  • 1Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, U.S.A.

Clinical Science (London, England : 1979)
|January 7, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Essential hypertension pathogenesis is unclear, but the central nervous system, particularly the hypothalamus, plays a key role. Hypothalamic inflammation disrupts blood pressure control, suggesting new therapeutic targets for hypertension.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Hypertension is a significant public health issue, a primary cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
  • The pathogenesis of essential hypertension is largely unknown.
  • The central nervous system (CNS), especially the hypothalamus, is crucial in hypertension development and maintenance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review neural mechanisms of hypertension.
  • To focus on neuroendocrine and neurotransmitter involvement in hypertension.
  • To highlight recent findings on hypothalamic inflammation's role in blood pressure regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on neural mechanisms in hypertension.
  • Analysis of neuroendocrine and neurotransmitter pathways.
  • Examination of hypothalamic inflammation and its signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • The hypothalamus is intricately involved in the central control of blood pressure.
  • Hypothalamic inflammation disrupts key signaling pathways.
  • Inflammatory-sympathetic mechanisms are implicated in hypertension.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the brain's role in hypertension has advanced significantly.
  • Hypothalamic inflammation offers potential therapeutic targets for hypertension.
  • Future interventions may exploit hypothalamic control and inflammatory-sympathetic pathways.

Keywords:
Hypertension and inflammationSignallingcentral nervous systemhypertensionhypothalamusinflammation

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